Mortality and Outcomes of Patients Infected with Extensively Drug-Resistant Bacteria Admitted to Intensive Care Units

Background: The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units (ICU) makes treatment these infections very difficult. Objectives: This study aimed to survey the resistance phenotype, risk factors, and possible options for hospital-acquired (HAI) at ICUs a referral university hospital. Methods: Samples were prepared from ICU patients with HAIs. Pathogens isolated, prescribed antibiotics, mortality rate, associated clonal relationship isolates assessed. Results: From 100 admitted ICUs, 76 (76%) showed clinical symptoms most common sources infection lung secretions (51.8%). isolated bacteria Gram-negative (77, 90.6%) Gram-positive (9.4%). microorganism was Acinetobacter baumannii complex (63.5%). effective antimicrobials colistin (96.1%) linezolid (100%) isolates, respectively. An extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotype documented all A. baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens. XDR significant factor only mortality. had highest rate (66.6%) among isolates. While strains limited diversity, other species highly divergent. Conclusions: results revealed high especially adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC). genetic similarities ABC might be an indication neglecting control prevention. use cotrimoxazole instead carbapenems can promising reduction studied ICUs.